Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pena o ke kaʻa i ʻehā mau ʻāpana i ke kaʻina hana pena kuʻuna, e pāʻani pū ana i kahi hana pale a nani no ke kino, ma ʻaneʻi mākou e kikoʻī i ka inoa a me ke kuleana o kēlā me kēia papa opena kaʻa
ʻaʻahu uila (CED)
E kau i ke kino keʻokeʻo i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i loko o ka pena cationic electrophoretic, e hoʻopili i ka uila maikaʻi i ka anode tube ma lalo o ka pahu electrophoretic a me ka pā pā, a me ka uila maikaʻi ʻole i ke kino, i hiki ke ʻano ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka anode tube a me ke kino. pena electrophoretic, a e lilo ka pena electrophoretic i ka papa electrophoretic ma hope o ka maloʻo ʻana i ka umu bakena.
Hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka papa electrophoresis ma ke ʻano he papa pena i hoʻopili pono ʻia i ka pā kila kino, no laila ua hana ʻia ʻo ia ka primer. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, aia kahi papa phosphate i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka pretreatment ma waena o ka papa electrophoresis a me ka pā kila, a ʻo ka papa phosphate he mea lahilahi loa, he mau μm wale nō, ʻaʻole e kūkākūkā ʻia ma aneʻi. ʻO ke kuleana o ka papa electrophoretic he ʻelua, ʻo kekahi ke pale aku i ka ʻōpala, a ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka papa pena. ʻO ka hiki ke pale ʻana i ka ʻōpala o ka papa electrophoresis ka mea nui a koʻikoʻi o nā papa pena ʻehā, inā ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka maikaʻi o ka uhi electrophoresis, a laila hiki ke pena i ke ʻano o ka blistering, a inā ʻoe e hoʻoheheʻe i ka ʻōpala, e ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻōpala i loko, ʻo ia hoʻi ua luku ʻia ka papa electrophoresis e alakaʻi ana i ka ʻōpala o ka pā hao. I nā makahiki mua, ua hoʻomaka ka brand kūʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomau i ke kaʻina hana, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o ke ʻano o kēia kino blistering, a ʻike ʻia ka pena i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana e hāʻule i ka hanana, i kēia manawa me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale hana hou, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana hou, nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻopau ʻia kēia ʻano. Ua holomua nui nā ʻoihana kūʻokoʻa i nā makahiki, a ke manaʻo nei au e hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi a maikaʻi aʻe a lawe i ka hae o ka ʻoihana kaʻa aupuni o Kina.
ʻaʻahu waena
ʻO ka midcoat kahi papa pena ma waena o ka papa electrophoresis a me ka papa pena kala, i kāpī ʻia e ka robot me ka pena waena. I kēia manawa,ʻaʻohe kaʻina o ka midcoat, kahi e hoʻopau ai i ka midcoat a hoʻohuiʻia me ka papa kala. - ʻO ka pane mai Dai Shaohe, ʻo ka "Soul Red" ma aneʻi ke hoʻohana nei i kēia kaʻina hana, mai ʻaneʻi hiki iā mākou ke ʻike ʻaʻole he mea koʻikoʻi ka uhi waena, he maʻalahi kāna hana, he anti-UV, pale i ka papa electrophoresis, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana, a e noʻonoʻo i ka maʻalahi a me ka hopena o ka pale ʻana o ka ʻili pena, a ʻo ka hope hiki ke hāʻawi i kahi adhesion no ka papa pena kala. ʻO ka hope, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i kahi adhesion no ka papa kala. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻo ka uhi waena he papa luna a lalo, kahi e pili ana i nā ʻāpana hana ʻelua o ka papa electrophoresis a me ka papa kala.
ʻaʻahu luna
ʻO ka papa pena kala, e like me ka inoa i hōʻike ʻia, ʻo ia ka papa o ka pena me ka waihoʻoluʻu e hāʻawi iā mākou i ke ʻano pololei loa o ke kala, a i ʻole ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele paha, a i ʻole Kingfisher uliuli, a i ʻole Pittsburgh hina, a i ʻole Cashmere kālā, a i ʻole Supersonic Quartz keʻokeʻo. ʻO kēia mau kala ʻokoʻa a maʻamau paha, a ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka inoa ʻana i ke kala e ka papa pena kala. ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka papa pena i kāpīpī pololei e hoʻoholo i ka ikaika o ka hōʻike kala kino, a he mea nui ka hana.
Pena kalaHiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau ʻano e like me nā mea hoʻohui like ʻole: pena paʻa, pena metala a me ka pena pearlescent.
A. Pena maʻemaʻehe waihoʻoluʻu maʻemaʻe, he ʻulaʻula wale nō ka ʻulaʻula, he keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo wale nō, ʻaʻohe ʻano hui ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe manaʻo ʻālohilohi metala, kapa ʻia ka pena maʻemaʻe. Ua like ia me ke kiaʻi ma ke alo o ka Hale Aliʻi ʻo Buckingham, inā ʻo ia e uē, ʻakaʻaka a hū paha, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hoʻolohe iā ʻoe, kū pololei wale nō, nānā pololei i mua, me ka helehelena koʻikoʻi mau. Manaʻo paha kekahi poʻe he mea hoihoi ʻole ka pena maʻemaʻe a ʻaʻole maopopo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻololi e leʻaleʻa ai ka poʻe malihini, akā aia kekahi poʻe makemake i kēia kala maʻemaʻe, maʻemaʻe a haʻahaʻa ʻole me ka hoʻohauʻoli ʻole.
(Snow White）
(ʻeleʻele)
Ma waena o ka pena maʻamau, keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻeleʻele no ka hapa nui o lākou, a ʻo ka hapa nui o ka ʻeleʻele he pena maʻamau. Maanei hiki iā mākou ke haʻi iā ʻoe i kahi mea huna, ʻo nā keʻokeʻo a pau i kapa ʻia he polar keʻokeʻo, keʻokeʻo mauna hau, ke keʻokeʻo glacier he pena maʻamau, ʻoiai ke kapa keʻokeʻo i kapa ʻia ke keʻokeʻo momi, ʻo ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo he pena momi.
B. Pena metalahana ʻia ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻāpana metala (pauma alumini) i ka pena maʻamau. I ka wā kahiko, ʻo ka pena maʻemaʻe wale nō ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia i ka pena kaʻa, akā ma hope mai ua ʻike kekahi kanaka akamai i ka wā i hoʻohui ʻia ai ka pauda aluminika i hoʻohui ʻia i ka pena maʻemaʻe, ua ʻike ʻia e hōʻike ʻia ka papa pena i ke ʻano metala. Ma lalo o ke kukui, ʻike ʻia ke kukui e ka pauda alumini a puka mai ma o ke kiʻi pena, me he mea lā e ʻālohilohi ana ka papa pena holoʻokoʻa me ka ʻālohilohi metala, e ʻike ʻia ke kala o ka pena i kēia manawa, e hāʻawi ana i ka poʻe i ka leʻaleʻa māmā a me ke ʻano lele, e like me ka hui o nā keikikāne e holo kaʻa kaʻa ma ke alanui e leʻaleʻa. Eia kekahi mau kiʻi nani
ʻaʻahu maʻemaʻe
ʻO ka ʻaʻahu maʻemaʻe ka ʻaoʻao waho loa o ka pena kaʻa, kahi ʻāpana aniani e hiki ke hoʻopā pololei me ko mākou manamana lima. Ua like kona kuleana me ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni kelepona, koe wale nō ka pale ʻana i ka pena kala, poloka i nā pōhaku mai ka honua o waho, hoʻomanawanui i ka ʻoki ʻia ʻana o nā lālā lāʻau, kūpaʻa i nā kulu manu mai ka lewa, ʻaʻole i hele ka ua e kahe ana i kona laina pale, ʻaʻole e komo nā kukuna UV ikaika i kona umauma, ʻo ke kino 40μm, ʻo ka ʻili o waho o ka honua, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka pena, ʻaʻole hiki ke lilo i ka pena nani. o na makahiki.
ʻO ka hana o ka varnish ka mea nui e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka luster o ka pena, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano, pale UV, a me ka pale ʻana i nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-24-2022
